New Packaging

• Issue 1: Energy and natural resources
  It takes more than four times as much energy to manufacture a paper bag as it does to manufacture a plastic bag.
  
  ENERGY TO PRODUCE BAG ORIGINALLY (BTUs)
  Safeway Plastic Bags: 594 BTUs
  Safeway Paper Bags: 2511 BTUs
  (Source: 1989 Plastic Recycling Directory, Society of Plastics Industry.)
  
  Of course, most paper comes from tree pulp, so the impact of paper bag production on forests is enormous. In 1999, 14 million trees were cut to produce the 10 billion paper grocery bags used by Americans that year alone. Paper bag production delivers a global warming double-whammy forests (major absorbers of greenhouse gases) have to be cut down, and then the subsequent manufacturing of bags produces greenhouse gases.
  
  
• Issue 2: Pollution
  The majority of kraft paper is made by heating wood chips under pressure at high temperatures in a chemical solution. As evidenced by the unmistakable stench commonly associated with paper mills, the use of these toxic chemicals contributes to both air pollution, such as acid rain, and water pollution. Millions of gallons of these chemicals pour into our waterways each year; the toxicity of the chemicals is long-term and settles into the sediments, working its way through the food chain. Further toxicity is generated as both plastic and paper bags degrade.
  
  POLLUTANTS PAPER V.S. PLASTIC Paper sacks generate 70% more air and 50 times more water pollutants than plastic bags. Source: "Comparison of the Effects on the Environment of Polyethylene and Paper Carrier Bags," Federal Office of the Environment, August 1988
  
  
• Issue 3: Recycling
  It takes 91% less energy to recycle a pound of plastic than it takes to recycle a pound of paper. But recycling rates of either type of disposable bag are extremely low, with only 10 to 15% of paper bags and 1 to 3% of plastic bags being recycled, according to the Wall Street Journal.
  
  ENERGY TO RECYCLE PACKAGE ONCE (BTUs)
  Safeway Plastic Bags: 17 BTUs
  Safeway Paper Bags: 1444 BTUs
  Source: 1989 Plastic Recycling Directory, Society of Plastics Industry.
  
  Although paper bags have a higher recycling rate than plastic, each new paper grocery bag you use is made from mostly virgin pulp for better strength and elasticity.
  
  
• Issue 4: Degradability
  Current research demonstrates that paper in today's landfills does not degrade or break down at a substantially faster rate than plastic does. In fact, nothing completely degrades in modern landfills because of the lack of water, light, oxygen and other important elements that are necessary for the degradation process to be completed.